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介绍了超构表面（Metasurface,MTS）的特征模式分析及其在天线应用中的最新研究进展。MTS物理特性丰富且设计自由度高，有望实现天线极限性能的突破。散射问题中的MTS研究往往基于远场激励、无限大、均匀3个假设，研究方法和结论难以适用近场激励、有限截断、局部反射丰富的天线问题。适用于任意结构、任意场区且与激励无关的特征模理论更适合上述问题。总结回顾了近10年来针对MTS的特征模式分析及其在天线设计与优化中的应用，以天线的端口数量、模式数量和单元数量为脉络，从模式分析、模式调控和模式激励的角度，重点讨论了实现MTS天线的带宽提升、增益提高、单馈圆极化辐射、多频共口径、多模多端口、天线解耦、小型化的基本原理、技术途径、实现方法和应用实例，对MTS天线的特征模式理论与应用研究做出了进一步展望。
Abstract：The recent research progress of characteristic mode analysis of Metasurfaces(MTS)and its applications in antenna are presented. The rich physical properties and high design freedom of MTS are expected to realize the breakthrough in antenna performance limits. However,the conventional studies on MTS for scattering problems are usually based on the assumptions of far-field excitation,infinite size,and homogeneous structures,making their methods and conclusions unsuitable for antenna problems of nearfield excitation,finite truncation,and rich local reflections. Characteristic mode analysis is more suitable for the above problems due to the adaptability for arbitrary structures and field regions and its independence of excitation. The researches on characteristic mode analysis for MTS and their applications in antenna design and optimization in the last decade are summarized and reviewed. Based on the number of ports,modes and elements of antennas,the basic principles,technical approaches,implementation methods and application examples to realize the performance enhancement of MTS antennas are discussed from the perspectives of mode analysis,mode manipulation and mode excitation. Specific improvements discussed include bandwidth enhancement,gain improvement,singlefeeding circularly polarized radiation,multi-band aperture-shared radiation,multi-mode multi-port radiation,miniaturization and antenna decoupling. A further outlook is made on the theoretical and applied research on the characteristic modes of MTS antennas.
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2024年无线电工程第54卷第9期2081作
者简介
高佳璠女，（1998-），博士研究生。主要研究方向：超构表面
天线、特征模式理论。
朱昳慧女，（2000-），硕士研究生。主要研究方向：超构表面
天线、特征模式理论。
林丰涵男，（1988-），博士，研究员。主要研究方向：模式与
结构电磁学、天线与电磁散射、微波/毫米波电路、人工智能辅助电
磁发现与设计、脑机接口电路与系统。
基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:TN820
引用信息:
[1]高佳璠,朱昳慧,林丰涵.超构表面的特征模式分析及其在天线中的应用[J].无线电工程,2024,54(09):2074-2081.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金（青年项目）（62101330）; 国家重点研发计划（2022YFB2902800）; 临港实验室（LG-QS-202202-05）~~