| 185 | 2 | 422 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
针对传统的基于阵列天线全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS)欺骗干扰检测算法的局限性以及模糊度求解问题的复杂性，提出一种4天线GNSS欺骗干扰测向方法，能够在不受周跳影响下动态求解模糊度，实现欺骗干扰检测与测量。算法利用处于不同平面内的4条天线组成六基线并构建了4个非同一平面三角天线阵，在不同三角天线阵中，通过固定基线以及信号传播空间特性进行信号实际波达方向(Direction of Arrival, DOA)解算。根据信号到达不同三角天线阵理论方向一致性，对模糊度实施动态解算。通过对比信号的实际DOA与接收机根据星历信息计算并输出的理论DOA,根据二者残差平方和(Sum of Squared Errors, SSE)是否超过预设门限来判断信号是否受到欺骗。在实际观测过程中，各个接收机之间存在开机随机钟差，各天线、电缆长度不均以及天线相位中心不稳定问题，导致载波相位单差观测值存在偏差，对这些误差修正方法进行推导，通过实验进行验证，欺骗检测效率可达100%。
Abstract：To address the limitations of traditional array antenna-based Global Navigtion Satellite System(GNSS) spoofing jamming detection algorithms and the complexity of ambiguity resolution, a four-antenna GNSS spoofing jamming direction-finding method is proposed. This method can dynamically resolve ambiguity without being affected by cycle slips, enabling spoofing jamming detection and measurement. The algorithm uses four antennas in different planes to form six baselines and constructs four non-coplanar triangular antenna arrays. In different triangular antenna arrays, the actual Direction of Arrival(DOA) is resolved by fixing baselines and utilizing the spatial characteristics of signal propagation. The ambiguity is dynamically resolved based on the theoretical consistency of the signal arrival directions in different triangular antenna arrays. Finally, by comparing the actual signal DOA with the theoretical DOA calculated and output by the receiver based on ephemeris information, it is determined whether the signal is spoofed based on whether the Sum of Squared Errors(SSE) exceeds a preset threshold. During actual observations, random clock differences between receivers at startup, unequal antenna and cable lengths, and instability of antenna phase centers cause deviations in single-difference carrier phase observations. The error correction methods for these deviations are derived. And experimental verification shows that the spoofing detection efficiency can reach 100%.
[1] 王晓燕，杨晶晶，黄铭，等.GNSS干扰和欺骗检测研究现状与展望[J].信号处理，2023,39(12):2131-2152.
[2] 梅林，鲍尧.GNSS干扰分析及抗干扰技术综述[J].中国无线电，2021(7):58-60.
[3] 尹继东，冯雪峰.GNSS抗干扰技术综述[J].电讯技术，2020,60(8):989-998.
[4] WU Z J,ZHANG Y,YANG Y M,et al.Spoofing and Anti-spoofing Technologies of Global Navigation Satellite System:A Survey[J].IEEE Access,2020,8:165444-165496.
[5] 张鑫，庞晶，苏映雪，等.天线阵载波相位双差的欺骗干扰检测技术[J].国防科技大学学报，2014,36(4):55-60.
[6] 邓敏，廖欣璐，郭莹莹，等.基于新型SQM的GNSS欺骗式干扰检测技术[J].全球定位系统，2024,49(4):56-65.
[7] YANG H Y,JIN R M,XU W P,et al.Satellite Navigation Spoofing Interference Detection and Direction Finding Based on Array Antenna[J].Sensors,2023,23(3):1604.
[8] MONTGOMERY P Y,HUMPHREYS T E,LEDVINA B M.A Multi-antenna Defense:Receiver-autonomous GPS Spoofing Detection[C]// ION 2009 International Technical Meeting.Anaheim:[s.n.],2009:124-130.
[9] PSIAKI M L,O'HANLON B W,POWELL S P,et al.GNSS Spoofing Detection Using Two Antenna Differential Carrier Phase[C]//Proceedings of the 27th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation.Tampa:Institute of Navigation,2014:2776-2800.
[10] 黄龙，雍玲，徐博，等.采用双天线载波相位差技术的卫星导航接收机抗欺骗方法[J].国防科技大学学报，2016,38(4):103-106.
[11] 马超，刘宗敏，杨俊，等.反无人机导航欺骗技术发展与应用[J].国防科技，2023,44(3):59-67.
[12] 周露，刘宝忠.北斗卫星定位系统的技术特征分析与应用[J].全球定位系统，2004(4):12-16.
[13] CHEN J J,XU Y,YUAN H,et al.A New GNSS Spoofing Detection Method Using Two Antennas[J].IEEE Access,2020,8:110738-110747.
[14] BROUMANDAN A,JAFARNIA-JAHROMI A,DANESHMAND S,et al.Overview of Spatial Processing Approaches for GNSS Structural Interference Detection and Mitigation[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2016,104(6):1246-1257.
[15] JAFARNIA-JAHROMI A,BROUMANDAN A,NIELSEN J,et al.GPS Vulnerability to Spoofing Threats and a Review of Antispoofing Techniques[J].International Journal of Navigation and Observation,2012,2012:1-16.
[16] JAFARNIA-JAHROMI A,DANESHMAND S,LACHAPELLE G.Spoofing Countermeasure for GNSS Receivers-A Review of Current and Future Research Trends[C]//4 th International Colloquium on Scientific and Fundamental Aspects of the Galileo Programme European Space Agency.[S.l.:s.n.],2013:131064441.
[17] DANIELE B,CIRO G.A Dual-antenna Spoofing Detection System Using GNSS Commercial Receivers[C]//Proceedings of the 28th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation.Tampa:Institute of Navigation,2015:325-330.
[18] VAN DER MERWE J R,RüGAMER A,LIPKA M.Enhanced Spatial Spoofing Detection with and Without Direction of Arrival Estimation[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,2023,59(5):5530-5540.
基本信息:
中图分类号:TN967.1
引用信息:
[1]杜云龙,赵骁骢,冯冀宁.4天线GNSS欺骗干扰测向算法[J].无线电工程,2025,55(02):373-384.
基金信息:
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(236Z0102G)~~
2024-09-09
2024-09-09
2024-09-09