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针对目前钢材表面缺陷检测方法存在检测精度不高，易出现误检、漏检等问题，提出一种改进YOLOv5的钢材表面缺陷检测算法。在主干网络中引入坐标注意力(Coordinate Attention, CA)机制模块，提升模型关注钢材表面缺陷的能力，使用GhostBottleneck结构与主干网络中的部分卷积模块和C3模块进行替换，构建轻量化模型；在Neck层采用双向特征金字塔网络(Bidirectional Feature Pyramid Network, BiFPN)结构来提升检测效果；增加一个目标检测层来解决数据集中部分缺陷占比较大的问题。实验结果表明，改进的YOLOv5s-GCBD(GhostBottleneck-CA-BiFPN-Anchor)算法在NEU-DET数据集上的平均精度均值(mean Average Precision, mAP)达到80.2%,较原YOLOv5s算法提高了3.5%。相比传统的钢材表面缺陷检测方法，提出的算法实现了更精准的钢材表面缺陷检测。
Abstract：In view of the existing steel surface defect detection methods, the detection accuracy is not high, easy to appear false detection, missing detection and other problems. An improved YOLOv5 steel surface defect detection algorithm is proposed. Firstly, a Coordinate Attention(CA) mechanism module is introduced into the backbone network, which enhances the model's ability to tend to steel surface defects, and replaces some convolutional modules and C3 modules in the backbone network with GhostBottleneck structure, to construct a lightweight model. Secondly, the Bidirectional Feature Pyramid Network(BiFPN) structure is used in the Neck layer to improve the detection effect. Finally, an object detection layer is added to solve the problem of large defects in the data set. The experimental results show that the mean Average Precision(mAP) of the improved YOLOv5s-GCBD(GhostBottleneck-CA-BiFPN-Anchor) algorithm on the NEU-DET data set reaches 80.2%, which is 3.5% higher than the previous YOLOv5s algorithm. Compared with traditional steel surface defect detection methods, the proposed algorithm can realize more accurate detection of steel surface defect.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:TP391.41;TG115
引用信息:
[1]徐明升,祝俊辉,干家欣,等.基于YOLOv5的钢材表面缺陷检测算法[J].无线电工程,2024,54(02):351-359.
基金信息:
湖北省科技示范项目(2019ZYYD016)~~