无线电工程

海冰边缘是海冰灾情预警的重要信息，其监测结果的客观性和定位准确度直接影响着灾情防范及应急救援的实施效果。针对常规业务化运行中人工解译主观性强、定位精度低的问题，设计了一种集冰情特征、图像分割和众数统计于一体的冰灾范围监测方法，并以我国辽东湾2018年发生的重大海冰灾害为例，进行连续4 d的海冰边界范围的监测实验，将监测结果与业务运行中人工解译监测结果进行对比分析。实验表明，冰缘外扩趋势上，二者结果相同，均为4 d不断地外扩且24日外扩最大；冰缘外扩速率上，二者结果为同一量级，均为先是2～4 n mile/d的中速外扩，之后6～8 n mile/d的高速外扩，最后1～2 n mile/d的低速外扩；边缘定位精度上，该实验结果更加客观且冰缘定位最高可达1倍像素，而常规人工方法则主观性强且冰缘定位为10倍像素以上。该研究成果可为我国中高纬区域冬季冰情灾害客观准确监测和预警提供技术支撑，相比人工解译，该方法具备自动/半自动能力，能够节省人力，降低劳动强度。

Sea ice boundary plays an important role in sea ice disaster warning.The objectivity and positioning accuracy of ice boundary monitoring results have a direct impact on the implementation effect of the disaster prevention and emergency rescue.To solve the problems of strong subjectivity and low positioning accuracy of manual interpretation in conventional business operation, an efficient method to monitor the ice disaster boundary integrated the characteristics of ice area, image segmentation and mode statistics is proposed.Taking the major sea ice disaster in Liaodong Bay of China in 2018 as an example, the monitoring experiment of sea ice boundary range for 4 consecutive days is carried out and the monitoring results are compared with the manual interpretation monitoring results in engineering application.The experiment results show that:(1) the expanding trend of ice boundary is same, that is, the ice boundary continues to expand for 4 days with the largest expansion on January 24;(2) the expanding speed of ice boundary is at the same quantitative level with the medium expanding speed of 2～4 n mile/d, followed by with the high expanding speed of 6～8 n mile/d, and finally with the low expanding speed of 1～2 n mile/d;(3) in terms of ice boundary positioning accuracy, the experiment results are more objective, and the ice boundary positioning accuracy can reach up to one pixel level, while the conventional manual method is subjective and the ice boundary positioning accuracy is more than ten-pixel level.The research results can provide technical support for objective and accurate monitoring and early warning of winter sea ice disaster in middle-high-latitudes of China.Compared with manual interpretation, the method has automatic/semi-automatic capability, which can save manpower and reduce labor intensity.